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考研英語(yǔ)翻譯難點(diǎn)精析(一)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)翻譯法

1) 變?yōu)闈h語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)形式。

Eg:

It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.這種說(shuō)法從一開(kāi)始就將討論引向兩個(gè)極端，它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對(duì)待動(dòng)物：要么像對(duì)待人類自身一樣關(guān)切體諒，要么完全冷漠無(wú)情。

2) 譯成具有被動(dòng)意義的漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。

Eg:

For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.盡管計(jì)算機(jī)可以提供那么多的幫助，它卻不應(yīng)該被看作是基本的思維和推理技巧的替代物。

Eg:

How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.這些預(yù)測(cè)將在多大程度上為后來(lái)的表現(xiàn)所證實(shí)取決于所用信息的數(shù)量、可靠程度、適宜程度以及用來(lái)解釋這些信息的技巧與才智。

3) 增添“人們”、“大家”等適當(dāng)?shù)脑~做漢語(yǔ)譯文的主語(yǔ)。

Eg:

And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.許多人認(rèn)為普通人的思維活動(dòng)根本無(wú)法和科學(xué)家的思維過(guò)程想比較，他們并認(rèn)為這些思維過(guò)程必須經(jīng)過(guò)某中專門訓(xùn)練才能掌握。

Eg:

During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時(shí)，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。