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隱秀(yǐnxiù)

詩歌與文章既隱含豐富的思想感情，又有秀美的名言佳句。源出《文心雕龍》篇名，在該篇中，“隱”是隱含，指在敘事或寫景中隱含超出事、景之外的意義，能引發讀者的無限聯想;“秀”是秀美，指一篇之中應該有能凸顯這一意義的精妙詞句。二者密不可分，共同構成優秀文學作品的審美特征。后來也作為詩文寫作的一種修辭手法。

Latent Sentiment and Evident Beauty

This term means that prose and poetry may contain latent sentiments and thoughts, as well as expressions and sentences that present an apparent sense of beauty. “Latent sentiment and evident beauty” first appeared as the title of a chapter in The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons. There, “latent sentiment” means what lies beyond events and landscapes in a narrative or a description, triggering imaginations on the part of the reader. On the other hand, “evident beauty” refers to the kind of beauty created by expressions and sentences in a piece of writing, which bring out that latent meaning. The latent and the apparent qualities are inseparable, constituting an aesthetic feature of good literary works. Later, this term developed into a rhetorical device in writing prose and poetry.

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【引例】

是以文之英蕤，有秀有隱。隱也者，文外之重旨者也;秀也者，篇中之獨拔者也。(劉勰《文心雕龍·隱秀》)

情在詞外曰隱，狀溢目前曰秀。(張戒《歲寒堂詩話》卷上引劉勰語)

Thus, an excellent piece of writing should have both beautiful in language and a message hidden between the lines. The former refers to beautiful sentences and expressions that accentuate the message of the writing while the latter represents the multiple significance that lies beyond the text. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)

Latency happens when feelings and thoughts are hidden between the lines of a literary work. Evident beauty occurs when messages of sentiment and feelings are vividly portrayed by the images the author creates. (Zhang Jie: Notes on Poetry Written in the Pine and Cypress Studio)