2017考研英語《經濟學人》閱讀：尼日利亞總算點卯了

考研英語來源：新東方網整理 2016-01-07　

考研英語閱讀百分之八十都出自一些英美報刊雜志The Economist (《經濟學家》 ), Times(《時代周刊》等等，所以考生平時做閱讀訓練的時候可以多看看這些文章，小編也會分享一些出自這些雜志的中英文雙語閱讀，大家可以看看。下面是關于尼日利亞總算點卯了的一篇文章，大家讀讀看。

Middle East and Africa Nigeria's government

中東非洲尼日利亞政府

At work at last

總算點卯了

After sixmonths, Nigeria's president no longer leadsalone

過了六個月，尼日利亞總統才總算結束了孤立無援的窘境。

THE law was laid down for Nigeria's ministers when they were sworn into office last week. Nocorruption, their austere president, Muhammadu Buhari, told them. Obey the law and worktogether, because expectations are high. Behave in keeping with the times. Refrain from gaudydisplays of wealth (“Not that some of us have much to display,” one appointee laments). It hastaken almost six months for the former dictator, now elected, to install his cabinet, but forthose who made the cut his message is simple: winning high office is no longer a license to robthe public purse. Unlike many of their predecessors, the new ministers must prioritize reform.

當尼日利亞新一屆政府部長們于上周宣誓就職的時候，一項針對他們的清規戒律也開始生效。禁止貪污，以嚴厲著稱的總統穆罕默德·布哈里如此告誡他們。民眾對這屆政府抱有很高的期望，因此他們必須遵紀守法、眾志成城。行為舉止要與時俱進。抑制鋪張顯擺之風(“并不是說我們有很多財產可以顯擺”一位被任命的部長面露難色地說道)。這位前獨裁者重新當選后已經花了接近六個月的時間才完成內閣的組建。但是對那些成功進入內閣的人來說，布哈里想傳遞的訊息很簡單：身居要職不再是高官肆意魚肉百姓的免死金牌。與他們的諸位前任不同的是，新一屆的部長們必須把改革放在首位。

Many observers are optimistic that they can do so. Mr Buhari's cabinet is smaller than that ofthe previous president, Goodluck Jonathan, with 25 principal ministers and 12 junior ones.Several of his senior appointees have good track records. Babatunde Fashola, the respectedformer governor of Lagos state, has been handed a monumental portfolio combining power,public works and housing. Another ex-governor, Kayode Fayemi (pictured, left, with thepresident), is charged with developing mining operations as Nigeria rushes to broaden itseconomy away from oil. Fans of a third seasoned politician, Rotimi Amaechi, who won thetransport post, say he has delivered roads despite accusations of corruption, which hedenies.

許多觀察家對此持樂觀態度。布哈里總統的內閣由25位首席部長和12位初級部長組成，比他的前任古德拉克·喬納森總統的內閣要小一些。而且有數位首席部長擁有良好的履歷記錄。備受尊敬的前拉各斯州州長巴巴圖內德·法肖拉(Babatunde Fashola)被任命為電力、工程和住房部長，這可是一個肥差。另一位前州長，卡耶德·法耶米(Kayode Fayemi)(合照中站在總統左側這位)奉命發展采礦業，因為現下的尼日利亞亟需拓寬經濟發展的路子，使其不過度依賴于石油產業。作為政治資歷排第三的老練政治家，羅蒂米·阿瑪奇贏得了交通部長的寶座，他的支持者認為盡管面臨貪污的指控(他本人矢口否認)，但他還是確保了多條公路的順利完工。

Yet the president has failed to please all as he juggles the demands of his party and people. Hisdecision to keep the oil post for himself, while appointing the Nigerian National PetroleumCorporation's new head as his deputy, was designed to keep the valuable resource in handshe can trust. But it raises concerns over the centralization of power. Ethnic groups of thesoutheast who mostly voted for Mr Jonathan in this year's election are feeling neglected. Criticsalso fret over an absence of desperately needed financial expertise.

但是，當布哈里總統將自己的政黨和選民的需求玩弄于鼓掌之中的時候，他勢必難以取悅所有人。他決定由自己兼任石油部長，并任命尼日利亞國家石油公司的新任總裁為他的副手，其目的是為了把有價值的資源掌握在他的親信手中。這種任人唯親的做法引起了人們對中央集權的擔憂。東南部的大部分部族在今年的選舉中站在了喬納森一邊，他們感到自己的利益被忽視。評論家們也為布哈里未能任命一位亟需的懂業務的財政部長而感到深深的憂慮。

Africa's biggest economy, which relies on oil for 70% of its revenue, is sputtering as prices fall.Economic policy has been adrift since Mr Buhari came to power, and investors complain aboutthe central bank's use of trade controls and import restrictions. However, the new financeminister, an accountant who cleaned up the books of one of Nigeria's smaller states, is poorlyqualified for the job. Her counterpart in the investment ministry is a respected businessman,but he may lack the clout to stand up to a president with statist leanings. “It's a governmentwith local professionals and without superstars,” says Shehu Sani, a senator of the rulingparty.

尼日利亞是非洲最大的經濟體，但它的財政收入有七成來自石油產業，隨著油價的下行，該國的經濟也后繼乏力。上臺以來，布哈里至今尚未敲定他的經濟政策，投資者們則對央行采取的貿易控制和進口限制政策怨聲載道。但是，新任財政部長(曾在尼日利亞某個較小的州政府從事財政工作)的資歷遠遠不能勝任這份工作。她在投資部的同僚倒是一位受人尊敬的商人，但是他的影響力也許還不足以對抗這位秉承中央集權論的總統。“這屆政府有的只是一些地方上的專業人士，沒有什么有影響力的政壇超級巨星，”執政黨的參議院施胡·薩尼說道。

Still, Nigerians find much to be happy about. Boko Haram, an insurgent Islamist group, hasbeen weakened during Mr Buhari's half-year at the helm (though bombs this week killed 43people), and power supplies are somewhat more reliable. A bigger budget has been outlinedfor 2016, though it is unclear how it will be financed, and recurrent spending will be paredback. More heartening is the president's crusade against corruption.

不過，尼日利亞人民還有許多值得高興的事情。布哈里執掌國家權力半年來，他已經成功地削弱了博科圣地(一個伊斯蘭叛亂組織)(盡管該組織本周又炸死了43個人)，而且國內的電力供應稍微可靠了點。布哈里已經為2016年勾勒了一個更大的預算(盡管目前還不清楚錢從哪來)，而且周期性的開支將得到削減。總統的反貪污運動更加鼓舞人心。
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Staff have been fired from the state oil company and customs department. Officials are tacklingsmuggling along leaky borders. To reduce fraud, an opaque network of government bankaccounts has been replaced by a centralized system. Several politicians, including the presidentof
the Senate, a former oil minister and an ex-national security adviser, are under investigation.Meanwhile, biometric registration at banks should expose more money laundered by civilservants and their stooges. High-rollers are on their best behavior. Lamudi, a propertycompany, reports a slowdown in expensive sales, partly explained by the fact that the richwould rather not be seen splurging.

一些有問題的雇員已經被國家石油公司和海關部門掃地出門。公務員們沿著漏洞百出的邊境線上打擊走私。為了減少欺詐案件，原來不透明的政府銀行賬戶網絡已經被一套集中式的系統所取代。多位政客正在接受調查，包括參議院主席、一位前石油部長、以及一位前國家安全顧問。同時，通過在銀行系統推行生物統計登記，使公務員及其傀儡的洗錢行為無處藏匿。揮金如土的豪紳們不得不夾著尾巴過日子。Lamudi(一家產權公司)報告稱其奢侈消費增長出現放緩的態勢，一定程度上是因為富人們寧可不被人看到他們大肆揮霍。

1.no longer 不再，已不

例句:It will remain as a pressure group, but nolonger has any pretension to be a political party.

它仍然是一個壓力集團，但不再自稱是一個政黨。

2.charge with 控告

例句:Party A shall assign a person in charge of itsown specific legal affairs and such a person so assigned shall maintain close ties with theattorney employed by Party B.

方應指定專人承擔本單位具體的法律事務性工作并與乙方律師經常聯系。

3.fail to 未能

例句:The various elements of the novel fail to cohere.

這部小說的各部分之間缺乏連貫性。

4.design to 設計

例句:The intelligence service conceived a grand design to assassinate the War Minister.

情報機構策劃了一項暗殺陸軍部長的重大計劃。